Distopia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Distopia - Essay Example The anecdotal accounts of oppressed world consistently have a sad end. A first time tragic peruser who expects normal closure will be astonished by the heartbreaking occasions in the tales. Authors like Yevgeny Zamyatin, H. G. Wells, Eugene Luther, and so on., had composed numerous idealistic and tragic stories. Yevgeny Zamyatin's WE was finished in 1920 and distributed in English in the year 1924. It's an incongruity or can be said as extremist conditions won in Russia forestalled Zamyatin to discharge his book in his own nation until 1952, fifteen years after Zamyatin's demise. The book depicts how life would resemble in an authoritarian state. It likewise mirrors the creator's view on Russia, which was represented by socialists under the initiative of Stalin. In this tragic story the world is under an extremist state and was called as One State. This One State is controlled under the fascism of one who was called as Benefactor. In this world nobody has a name, everybody is perceived by their distinguishing proof numbers. Every individual tends to other by their number and consistently work as one. In One state everything is made of glass including structures, devices and hardware. There is no security for One state's residents. Each building is made of this equivalent glass, empowering any conduct not prohibited by the Table of Hours, the consecrated content of the One State, to be effectively observed and detailed (Mirra Ginsburg, 1972). In this glass-encased city of completely straight lines, anonymous numbers (people are perceived by their assignments) - overcomers of an overwhelming war - live out lives without enthusiasm and imagination. A person by the number D-503 likewise carries on with a similar life as others and is boss manufacturer of the One state's lofty undertaking called as Integral. Indispensable is a uber venture, which includes in the development of a spaceship that will be utilized to investigate external planets and bring them under the administration of Benefactor. A system of Guardians continually screens the exercises of One state's residents. The Guardians duty is to check unpredictable conduct of a person. Out of this state is a green wilderness where radicals dwell and D-503 begins to look all starry eyed at a lady I-330 who works with the renegades. D-503's inflexibly organized life develops in intricacy as he meets I-330, a wildly predominant lady who lures him, first from his sweetheart O-90, at that point from his cherished One State (Mirra Ginsburg, 1972). This new relationship destroys his inner voice and he no longer thinks straight. He turns out to be so engaged with the renegades that he goes along with them against One state. George Orwell's 1984 is another tragic story that closes in a lamentable note. The story occurred in London in the year 1984. The story spins around the life of Winston who lives in London, which is a piece of Oceania. Oceania is one of the three nations that exist on the planet; the other two are Eurasia and Eastasia. These three nations are consistently at war. Oceania is an extremist state under the administration of Big Brother and severe oversight is executed all through the nation. Winston is appalled with his abused life and furtively aches to join the famous Brotherhood, an alleged gathering of underground revolutionaries plan on ousting the administration (George Orwell, 1949). Winston goes gaga for Julia. Julia detests internal gathering as much as Winston does. Winston meets an individual called O'Brien whom he thinks as a

Sustainability and WETEX-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: Examine about the Sustainability and WETEX ought to be talked in worldwide prespective and United Arab Emirates point of view. Answer: Presentation The report is created to concentrate on the different parts of manageability and WETEX and how these have empowered the business associations in United Arab Emirates to succeed all inclusive. The WETEX speaks to the shows accomplished for overseeing water, vitality assets, condition and innovation appropriately in Dubai. The three organizations will be chosen that have made 3 new creations for overseeing ecological manageability. The three significant innovations are identified with the reusing of water from food squanders, cleaning water in various regions and overseeing vitality manageability. The three organizations chose have been Ramada Hotel and Suites, Klein in Germany, Emirates and Shams Power, which are considered as models that have overseen natural manageability (Carroll Buchholtz, 2014). Manageability Manageability implies diminishing the carbon impressions and keeping up a biological equalization in nature by monitoring vitality, water and other characteristic assets. With the fast innovative headways and changes in monetary conditions of UAE, natural maintainability is significant for forestalling consumption of the earth and simultaneously, use vitality proficient strategies by conforming to the administrative instruments and corporate social duty arrangements and methodology (emirates.com, 2017). Numerous business associations in UAE have likewise utilized appropriate measures to oversee squanders and its removal by reusing those and dealing with the water , characteristic assets, air and vitality. WETEX The President and Prime Minister of UAE alongside the inclusion of Minister of Finance and President of Dubai Electricity and Water Authority (DEWA) made the WETEX fruitful. It was considered as a worldwide stage for the exhibitors to feature their gifts, imagine new advancements and offer thoughts and best practices for monitoring water, vitality and keep up ecological manageability as well (Epstein Buhovac, 2014). The primary vision of the WETEX is to make UAE probably the best nation in the entire world that has figured out how to The Vision plans to make the UAE among the best nations on the planet n terms of the ecological supportability the executives. The WETEX is orchestrated to deal with the ongoing turns of events and innovations for saving the sustainable power sources and making enough business extensions and open doors for driving the business execution (Kalogirou, 2013). Three organizations and their developments to oversee ecological manageability Reusing water from food squander One of the significant models where water has been reused from the food squanders is inside the neighborliness business. The business association Ramada Hotel and Suites means to upgrade its food squander the executives by presenting another WasteStation machine. The machine filled in as a viable food squander macerator and water recycler, which could change over the food squanders into manures and moreover improve the procedure and chop down an immense measure of cost. The lodging delivered in excess of 300 kg of squanders, due to which, food squanders are prepared and changed over to fine particles that could be changed over into the dewatering framework (Lang et al., 2012). The WETEX and Eco Waste displays were figured out how to change over the food squanders to the assets and even acquire the most perfect type of water that can be devoured by individuals. Cleaning water in various zones thinking about the KLEIN, Germany The water is kept clean and it is watched that water don't remain put away, which can make mosquito related issues and even outcome in complexities identified with the preservation of water and vitality assets. The different territories are cleaned with the goal that water doesn't get put away in those spots and make issues. Klein in Germany is a region partnership that centers around the treatment of water and creative answers for expel destructive and harmful substances from water, make it spotless and consumable (Markard, Raven Truffer, 2012). The water cleaning process is done at the Klein Water Treatment office to pass the influent water, i.e., the water comprising of hurtful particles and dregs through the carbon channels for evacuating any hints of TCE and natural synthetic concoctions through a procedure named adsorption. The organization in Germany has made the water chlorinated by making it stream to the well where it will be blended in with the treated and provided water f rom Denver Water treatment plant. The water treatment plants were overseen by thinking about the clean waves, rural types of gear, Pipeline covering frameworks and Water coolers and warmers (Mowforth Munt, 2015). Vitality supportability by utilizing nearby planetary group The close planetary system is utilized to keep up vitality maintainability, since it fills in as an inexhaustible wellspring of vitality as well as a successful method of lessening unsafe effects on the earth and save nature as well. Emirates and Shams Power organization are two organizations, which have concentrated on the utilization of nearby planetary group to overseeing inexhaustible wellsprings of vitality and keep up ecological maintainability as well. By utilizing heavenly bodies, the organizations have figured out how to empower sun oriented road lighting frameworks, siphoning frameworks that sudden spike in demand for sun oriented force and the on-matrix frameworks to deliver power (Shams-power.com, 2017). Emirates developing economy has helped in saving practical vitality as well as has safeguarded the environmental equalization in nature. The Authority has created elective and sustainable power hotspots for the Emirates, which will lessen the requests for electric and eve n deal with the inexhaustible wellsprings of vitality for keeping up natural manageability (Epstein, M. J., Buhovac, 2014). End The report was set up to comprehend the different parts of maintainability and WETEX execution, which had caused numerous business associations to accomplish ecological manageability easily and adequacy. The manageability approaches were overseen by these organizations in United Arab Emirates to guarantee that the carbon impressions were decreased and the most effective vitality safeguarding methods were utilized to forestall irregularity on nature. The WETEX was a significant advance, which was bolstered by acquainting a display with grandstand new thoughts and inventive answers for dealing with the preservation of vitality, water and common assets. The three organizations in UAE that embraced inventive methodologies were Ramada Hotel and Suites that concentrated on the reusing of water from the food squanders, cleaning of water in different regions was finished by Klein in Germany while the maintainable vitality sources had been overseen by using the nearby planetary group by Shams Power organization and Emirates in UAE. References Carroll, A., Buchholtz, A. (2014).Business and society: Ethics, manageability, and partner the board. Nelson Education. emirates.com (2017). Emirates flights Book a flight, peruse our flight offers and investigate the Emirates Experience. Recovered 20 November 2017, from https://www.emirates.com Epstein, M. J., Buhovac, A. R. (2014).Making supportability work: Best practices in overseeing and estimating corporate social, natural, and monetary effects. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Kalogirou, S. A. (2013).Solar vitality building: procedures and frameworks. Scholastic Press. Lang, D. J., Wiek, A., Bergmann, M., Stauffacher, M., Martens, P., Moll, P., ... Thomas, C. J. (2012). Transdisciplinary look into in supportability science: practice, standards, and challenges.Sustainability science,7(1), 25-43. Markard, J., Raven, R., Truffer, B. (2012). Manageability advances: A rising field of research and its prospects.Research policy,41(6), 955-967. Mowforth, M., Munt, I. (2015).Tourism and maintainability: Development, globalization and new the travel industry in the third world. Routledge. Tricks power.com. (2017). Hoaxes power.com. Recovered 20 November 2017, from https://www.shams-power.co

Academic Calendar COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Academic Calendar COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Some recently admitted applicants have been asking questions about the academic calendar.   If you want to see what the next two years are going to look like for the most part all you have to do is click here.   You can view both the 2011-12 and 2012-13 calendars. Do note that not every single event will be listed.   For example the calendar lists the University graduation ceremonies, but not the SIPA graduation ceremonies.   This year for example SIPA will have its graduation ceremony on May 14th (Kofi Annan will be speaking) and then the main ceremony for all graduates takes place on May 18th. Some specific events and occasions will be added as time progresses but the calendar as it stands now will give you a firm idea of holidays, breaks, and class start and end dates.   This will allow you to book tickets far, far in advance if you need to for travel and you can let family members and friends know of important dates. Newly admitted students . . . you will turn your tassel from right to left at the main graduation ceremony on May 22, 2013!   The specific date of the SIPA graduation ceremony will not be released until sometime next year.

Mass Media Contributes to Vocabulary Building, Influences...

Throughout the course of time, mass media has always been a powerful medium of changing lives. Its influence can be observed everywhere, even in oneself – one’s own personal preferences, the way one perceives things, and even the way one talks have been most likely been influenced by mass media in one way or another. It is the how the mass media delivers their messages which help them make these dramatic effects in their audiences. Mass media contributes to vocabulary building, influences language use and delivers conventional wisdom. The history of mass media is a story of many other stories. Print, the very first form of mass media, started with the development of paper by the Chinese in the 16th Century. Then the Chinese also raised†¦show more content†¦Dora teaches Spanish in the U.S., Australia, Canada, New Zealand and Ireland, but teaches English in every other market around the world. The reruns of the show are forms of reinforcement. For example, during the first week, the first episode of Dora the Explorer will play again and again until it reaches the second week wherein the second episode of Dora the Explorer will do the same. Also, Dora the Explorer includes the distribution of DVDs as part of their merchandise for children to avail and watch should they miss an episode (Rock). Watching Dora the Explorer has been proven effective in teaching vocabulary building due to the fact that Dora the Explorer works on a simple level as an introduction to the Spanish language, rather than as a tool for Spanish language learning. Educators believe that introducing a second language to a child before the age of 6 or 7 is an important factor in his/her ability to achieve fluency. For many of our preschool viewers, Dora is their first encounter with a foreign language. As such, the show might teach them a little Spanish and make them curious and interested in learning more, or simply make them aware of and comfortable with foreign languages (Speekee, 2006). In the academic setting, textbooks are used to teach the English language in classrooms through enriching the vocabulary of the students. Textbooks introduce the topics first through giving aShow MoreRelatedMass Media Contributes to Vocabulary Building, Influences Language Use and Delivers Conventional Wisdom3082 Words   |  13 Pagestime, mass media has always been a powerful medium of changing lives. Its influence can be observed everywhere, even in oneself – one’s own personal preferences, the way one perceives things, and even the way one talks have been most likely been influenced by mass media in one way or another. It is the how the mass media delivers their messages which help them make these dramatic effects in their audiences. 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To my magnanimous Creator/Best friend/Confidante/Companion/Supporter/Critic Thank you for giving me strength and wisdom throughout my college life. When I thought I cannot make it and when I reached rock bottom, you are always there to lead me to the right way. I give my utmost gratitude and appreciation to you. I offer you my life and everything I have because I knowRead MoreMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 Pagesof customers, competitors, and markets. We will see throughout this course material how marketing research is utilized in all decision areas. Create - Competition forces marketers to be creative people. When marketers begin new ventures, such as building a new company, it is often based aro und something that is new (e.g., new product, new way to distribute a product, new advertising approach, etc.). But once the new venture is launched innovation does not end. 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For a case that permits a more comprehensive industry analysis The Pharmaceutical Industry could be used. However, if the purpose is more focused – illustrating the use of ‘ï ¬ ve forces’ analysis – the TUI case study or Illustration 2.3 on The Steel Industry could be used. Some cases are written entirely from published sources but most have been prepared in cooperation with and approval of the management of the organisationRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pageshave reduced the intake of talented academic entrepreneurs. But I also think it reflects the cumulative impact of regulatory and careerist pressures in the academic world itself. With government agencies pressing for ever more standardized and conventional research and with increasingly instrumental careerist vi FOREWORD behaviour by academics, there are fewer incentives to bridge the academic and practical spheres. No doubt this is also exaggerated by an increasingly less curious professionalRead MoreStrategy Safari by Mintzberg71628 Words   |  287 Pagesnot closed down; it needs reconciliation among its many different tendencies, not the isolation of each. To enrich the experience of this safari, we hope to follow up with a Guidebook. We have also prepared an Instructor s Manual to facilitate the use of this rather unconventional book in the classroom. We owe many thank-yous. Bob Wallace of The Free Press must be especially singled out. In the musical chairs world of publishing these x EMBARKATION days, to be able to work with someone

Genetically Modified Organisms And Reproductive Cloning

Since prehistoric times, agriculture has been bred selectively in order to select for traits that would be more desirable. This type of genetic modification has proven to be quite successful and has been used for many generations. Presently scientists are genetically modifying organisms in order to produce more desirable traits. Genetically modified organisms (GMO), are organisms that have a genome that has been engineered in a laboratory in order to produce desired biological products or to express a desired physiological trait (Diaz 2014). Scientists are able to accomplish this type of genetic modification through recombinant DNA technology and reproductive cloning. Reproductive cloning uses technology to produce offspring of an organism that is genetically identical to the parent. They do this by transferring a donor nucleus into the enucleated cytoplasm of the host egg (Diaz 2014). Recombinant DNA technology involves inserting one or more individual genes into the DNA of a separa te species (Diaz 2014). GMOs have become widely used in many different areas of society, three of which are animals, agriculture, and for the advancement of human health. However, this scientific advancement does have disadvantages and is a highly controversial topic for many counties. Animals: When speaking about genetically modifying animals it is important to determine which level of modification is being used. The most common technique of genetically modifying animals, which has been aroundShow MoreRelatedGenetically Modified Organisms: Good or Bad?632 Words   |  3 PagesGenetically modified organisms (GMO) are organisms whose genome has been engineered in the laboratory using various genetic manipulating techniques. 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Birds of Feathers Stick Together Free Essays

I have never hunted day in my life,or even liked to watch hunting shows. But wen I saw a commercial for the television show Duck Dynasty, I had to watch just because it looked so hilarious. Now I watch the show every time its on, even the ones that I have seen over and over and still laugh just like its the first time seeing it. We will write a custom essay sample on Birds of Feathers Stick Together or any similar topic only for you Order Now Duck Dynasty is for anyone that likes duck hunting,comedy,drama,and life lessons. Duck Dynasty focuses on a reality television hit on AE Wednesday nights at 10:00 pm. Duck Dynasty’s third season ‘s final episode brought in a 9. 6 million in viewers compared to American Idol, who had a 3. million in viewers in their last episode (James Hibber) . That makes Duck Dynasty the highest viewed reality television show. Phil Robertson established the family business. He crafted the first duck call in 1973, In a small run down shed out back of his home in Louisiana. Willie, Phil s’ son with his business degree took and turned the small low budgeted operation and turned it in to a multimillion-dollar business the Duck Commander. Before the guys of Robertson family starter the Duck Commander business, they filmed their own hunts and sold them on video tapes. The Robertson family was also on the outdoor channel on a show called â€Å"BENELI PRESENTS DUCK COMMANDER† back in the 80’s. Phil told ABC news †We use to have a reality show but it was just a bunch of rednecks shooting duck†. Patriarch Phil and Willie are only two of the Dynasty’s family members. Jase titled(Willies brother)and Jep(Willies other brother) also help with the family business. Jase is the COO of the company he he runs the manufacturing of the parts, Jase fabricates the calls making sure each one is finely hand tuned. Jase is always trying to pull some kind of shenanigan over Willies head and trying to get out of work. His motto is duck hunting,family,and god. Jep helps put the duck calls together, he is the editor and cameraman for the family business. He is able to think like a hunter behind the camera to catch excellent footage for their Duck Men DVD. Jep is Miss Kay baby . Miss Kay, Phil’s wife is the head of the family. What Miss Kay says goes. Miss Kay is a little bit of aunt Bee and a hint of Roseann to spice thing up. She thinks her cooking is a gift and should be shared,so most nights she will cook up a big feast for the whole family, sometimes for the entire neighbor hood. Wives of Jase, Willie and Jep have to infuse a bit of sanity to the proceedings. Then we have Si the crazy uncle, Phil’s youngest brother and best friend . Si has the job of fashioning the reeds, the most important part of a duck call is the reed its what makes the duck sound. Si is a Vietnam war vet who loves to tell crazy unbelievable stories and say thing like â€Å"HEY†ADN â€Å"JACK†. Duck Dynasty is part of up coming category titled Redneck television thrown in to the mass of My Redneck Vacation , But the two’s comparisons can can only go so far. Yes both shows have southern accents and redneck past times. Redneck vacation focuses on an extended southern family, that takes their southern hospitality and traditions to the uppity lifestyle of the Hamptons, but still highlights on how they can manage to get along despite the differences in culture. Redneck vacation has salty language ,violence,and drinking is visible . The show makes fun of rednecks as opposed to showing its lifestyle. Duck Dynasty also features the family being a little out of the ordinary to most of its viewers tuning in. We watch the Robertson’s tromp threw the backwoods hunting duck, fishing, blowing tings up like beaver damns. But what saves Duck Dynasty from the Redneck Vacation fate, Is Dynasty’s characters are in on the joke so that no one is getting hurt. Some of the situations at hand may seem to be fashioned for television and everyone know it and seem to play their positions well. As you watch the show you might fall down laughing at the family’s redneck phenomena, but you may also be a little jealous of them . The Robertson’s do pick on one another but only out of family admiration. They all give a helping hand and enjoy sharing astonishing meals; They never shy from their religious belief . No its not a perfect show bathroom humor is not uncommon with this clan, We do hear some references to sex mainly when Phil is giving one of the grand-kids a lecture. After sitting down and watching the show it didn’t make me want to go out and hunt duck,blow things up or even eat squirrel brain stew. But it did make me want to pull a chair up to the Robertson’s table and exchange laugh’s with the family instead of at them . How to cite Birds of Feathers Stick Together, Papers

Tony Takitani

Tony Takitani is a film that captures the melancholy of Murakami’s short story of the same name. Tony, the main character, a mechanical illustrator by profession, is a son of two Japanese parents. He grew up alone with a caretaker in his tender age since his mother had died a few days after he was born.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Tony Takitani specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More His father, a jazz musician, was never at home since he travelled a lot with his jazz band. This paper seeks to provide a critical analysis and comparison of the film and the novel Tony Takitani. The paper also highlights the film techniques that have been employed by the movie. Tony, who becomes a successful draughtsman, lives alone in his spacious apartment, a solitude environment that captures the audience attention. In his apartment, the director Ichikawa Jun captures a spacious apartment with a huge doorway and a window emph asizing unutilized space. This gives the audience a clear picture of a visible world that characterized Tony’s isolation (Murakami 2002). Tony’s loneliness begins in his childhood, growing up without a mother who died shortly after he was born. He also grew up without his father, a much travelled jazz musician who was always out for his music performance. In school, his different name isolates him from his peers since it sounds American. His only consolation is his ability to produce drawings, unique in nature and with unbelievable accuracy. This talent seems to compensate his loneliness, a life he had no ability to control. He later owes his success to this talent, in college and later in his career (Ichikawa 2004). Though Tony’s emptiness lingers throughout the movie, he appears unaware of his emptiness. At the beginning of the movie, the audience witness him say that he never thought he was especially lonely. Tony’s lack of awareness is presented clear ly in the film, and makes his loneliness to be especially poignant. Later when he meets Eiko, who becomes his wife, he begins to understand and fear his inner solitude. Eiko, a young beautiful lady, is a â€Å"shopaholic† who spends much of her time shopping for expensive clothes. She has a strange inclination to expensive designer clothes that even a spare room is converted into a wardrobe to accommodate her collections. At the beginning, Tony is mysteriously attracted by the relationship that Eiko shares with her wardrobe.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More He tells her that he had never seen anyone who inhabited her clothes with such an obvious enjoyment. Later, he is intensely disturbed by her compulsive buying. He tells her to control her voracious desire for new clothes, a move that is emotionally welcomed by his wife. However, this ends up in a disastrous consequence t hat ends her life (Ichikawa 2004). Director Ichikawa employs the sound and lighting technique to characterize the solitude atmosphere in the film. The movie is a slow dreamlike story that is built by its own atmosphere rather than plot as the story unfolds. The off-kilter piano is arguably a melancholy lullaby that characterizes the mood in the film (Weis 1985). The fable-like quality of the film is evidently depicted by the washed out colors. Ichikawa has also employed dialogue to build the story of this movie. The dialogue between the protagonist and other people casted in the film serves to expose the nature of the character. It also serves to draw the audience into the events of the film (Mamer 2002). The film Tony Takitani employs the third person narration extensively. This distances the audience further from the story that unfolds. The characters in the movie spread the voiceover by occasionally addressing the audience directly. This playful touch has been employed by Ichikaw a to limit the mood from being too oppressive. It also draws the audience to the film as they lose themselves to unfolding events (Mamer 2002). The story begins by telling the real name of Toni Takitani to challenge the mystery with the reality. This has been used by Ichikawa, the film director and Murakami, the writer of the short story to capture the bathos of human condition. Murakami proceeds to describe the consequence of Tony’s real name. â€Å"His curly hair and sculpted characteristics† often made people believe that he was a mixed blood child, in reality; he was pure Japanese (Murakami 2002). However, Ichikawa has captured this introduction perfectly in the film. The character posed by Ogata in the movie suits Tony perfectly from the short story. His slow movement and vacant face brings out his inner emptiness. At some instance, he is described by Eiko’s ex-boyfriend as dull.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Tony Takitani specifica lly for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This description is what is portrayed by Murakami in his short story, especially before he met his wife, and later after her demise. After he is left alone, the audience sees Tony huddled in the wardrobe room, probably to share what was left of his wife. The movie is based on a love story of a lonely man who becomes a professional in his field but lives in solitude. Ichikawa, the director of this film employs the third person narration technique to capture the short story authored by Murakami. Tony falls in love with a â€Å"shopaholic†, a woman who had a peculiar interest in shopping. At one time when Tony takes his wife for a holiday, Murakami writes that while in Italy and France, she moved from one boutique to another like she was possessed (Murakami 2002). Ichikawa employs framing technique to emphasize the shopping problem with Tony’s wife. The camera often shifts from her expensive clothes to her expensive boots to show their elegance. Ichikawa captures the theme of isolation that resonates in Murakami’s short story. According to Ichikawa, the isolation in Tony Takitani is genetic in nature. The father passes his loneliness to Tony, who literary imprisons himself in his house. Ichikawa uses third person narration as a distancing tool, using a low tone voice to match the mood. He creates a simple stage and shoots most of the scenes by changing the position of the stage and the inside. Ichikawa also uses the leading actor and actress to play two roles reducing the number of people in the movie. Ichikawa uses all these techniques to capture the literal world of Murakami. In the movie, Ichikawa highlights the contemporary loneliness and how a person can allow it to take over his life. Tony assists to create his own loneliness and attempts to fill the gaps he has created. In attempt to fill the spaces he has created, he continues to deepen his solitude. Tony’ s name has American’s origin after his father named him after an American army general. Tony was born during US occupation of Japan after the Second World War. Tony was given that name to help his father negotiate and earn favors from the Americans.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The narrator in the film states that being lonely is like being in a prison. Tony’s father and a jazz musician lie in a Chinese prison earlier in the movie. Later his son lies with the same loneliness in his jail, his own house. This is a clear indication of what Tony was going through all his life, loneliness and solitude. Ichikawa and Murakami helped Tony to build his own prison in his house. When dating his girlfriend, he kept imagining how life would be if she decided to decline his marriage proposal. As Murakami observes, â€Å"his solitude became a source of agony and a prison†. He kept staring at the cold thick walls and contemplated committing suicide if he was rejected (Murakami 2002). Movement technique has been used to emphasize Tony’s loneliness in his house. The right to left camera movement gives the audience a clear picture of his house and the solitude he was in. The film ends with Tony staring at a picture and thinking about someone else, other than himself. This is his way of showing his optimistic attitude and willingness to continue hoping. In Tony’s wife wardrobe, the camera moves slowly through the rows of expensive dresses. The camera focuses briefly on each fabric to capture the sophisticated nature of the collection (Mamer 2002). Ichikawa has also combined framing and lighting to capture the events in the film. Fade to black has been used effectively appearing like turning a page. The narrator is often cut out by the characters in the film that finish his sentences. The relationship between the narrator and the characters isolates them. In addition, this is Ichikawa’s way of emotionally distancing the audience. The audience ends up not showing any sympathy for Tony but instead adopts his world. There are some notable differences between the film and the short story. In the film, Ichikawa adds a scene that does not appear in Murakami’s short story. After Tony’s wife is dead, one of her be st friends approaches Tony and agrees that Eiko was â€Å"a real pain†. He then declares to Tony insultingly that he was dull, just like his drawings. This demonstrates that unlike Murakami’s short story, Ichikawa went further to emphasize the passive and pathetic state of the protagonist. The short story only sought to show the ordinariness of the protagonist character but the film marks the loneliness as exceptional. The short story is an account of the essential loneliness in life, while the film, though, based on the story is an account of the essential loneliness of Tony’s life. Ichikawa chooses to cast Rie Miyazawa to play the roles of Tony’s wife and the woman who plays the role of a secretary. Murakami’s story provides all Ichikawa needs for his movie, to produce both a familiar and a different plot. Ichikawa succeeds in building the story’s words with the film counterparts. In the story, the protagonist’s mother’s deat h is described in a simple way. As the author puts it, â€Å"just like that, she was cremated† and then adds †she faded into nothingness†. In the movie, the protagonist’s mother simply smiles back at the audience and vanishes into the trees. I agree with the suggestion that â€Å"the woman was born to wear beautiful clothes†. Tony got married to a woman with a strange behavior and with an insatiable need to wear new beautiful clothes. Eiko is arguably an incomplete woman who is attracted to fashions more than to anything else in the world. Wearing new expensive attires assuages her uncontrolled feelings of being incomplete. Although, Eiko turns an entire room into a wardrobe; her desire to buy more clothes does not end. To this woman, no number, design or taste was enough, she kept longing for more and more. After Tony gets concerned with this behavior, he tells her to control her desires. She agrees and even returns some of her unused collections. W hen she stops waiting for traffic light, she is taken away by the thoughts of the clothes. This is when she is slammed by a huge track and dies on the spot. This woman was indeed born to wear beautiful clothes and when she agrees to stop she meets her death. On the contrary, Tony was born to live in solitude, to lose and to make other people to be happy. In his life, both in the short story and the film, his loneliness is the most emphasized phenomenon. He has no close parent or relative, his peers discriminate him since they doubt his origin, and his college colleagues do not like his drawings. As the author writes, â€Å"he found it natural to be alone† (Murakami 2002). Although his wife spends a lot of his money on clothing, he does not object. He later puts a smile on another woman’s face when he attempts to hire her to replace his dead wife (Seats 2006). Later Tony sold his wife’s clothes and his father’s records at a throw away price. Tony’s purpose in life was to suffer and relieve the sufferings of other people. Tony loses his wife, attempts to replace her with a secretary, but then loses the secretary again. He then sells his wife’s apparels and shows at a throw away price. Tony then loses his father, and later sells his records, the only memory of his father again at a throw away price. In the end, Tony loses everything apart from his loneliness, showing that he was born to lose and to be lonely (Seats 2006). Murakami uses the name Tony to signify Japan’s attempts to succeed in materialistic world, an ideology that contributed to defeat in war. This ideology undermined commitment of Japanese people to families, a characteristic found with Tony’s father. Tony’s father did not participate in the war, he instead fled to China, and this separates him from imperialism in Japan. He was imprisoned in China and as other captives were executed, he was spared from death. This has been used by the a uthor to highlight his solitude as a captive. After he is released, he moves back to Japan. Although he makes a family, he is incessantly on the move probably to counter his haunting experience in prison (Rubin 2003). Ichikawa has employed the technique of impersonality by using an omniscient voice. This voice is often interrupted by the voice of characters in the film, especially that of Tony. This is a clear indication of a disconnection existing among the characters. The visual forms applied by Ichikawa take the expressive rather than decorative form. The audience views the expressive sequence of shots of Shozaburo and Tony lying on the floor in a confined room. This is in his attempt to express the literal world in Murakami’s short story. The audiences often views Tony scratching his feet depicting that he is often uncertain about himself. He scratches his feet to confirm his reality, a state that he is too lost to decipher. The profound distressing loneliness of present day Japanese culture is the main theme of Tony Takitani and which has been captured effectively in film by Ichikawa (Rubin 2003). Ichikawa considered ideological factors in the making of Tony Takitani. This film represents a passage of a particular era in history of Japan and shows growth of ideas with the passage of time. Ideological factors are closely linked to the social attitudes of people. The interaction between people in a film, their idea of social life and reasoning is represented by ideological factors in a narrative film. To understand the ideological factors that contributed in creation of Toni Takitani, we first need to understand this film as a social history. Most importantly is their ability to give a figure of the way daily life unfolded for all the characters. These include how the characters worked, how they had fun, how they formed families or how they fall apart. This will give a clear understanding of how the fabric of daily life was made or changed. This will give an understanding of the ideas applied by the people in their daily life, and hence the ideological factors (Cassegard 2007). Ideological factors can also be manifested in form of record of time in this film. Ichikawa has conserved gestures, rhythms, gaits, attitudes, and people’s interactions in different situations. In Tony Takitani, an audience can glimpse images of simple actions. For instance, we can view how Tony scratched his feet to confirm his reality. The audience can witness the way Tony’s wife died and the events that lead to her death (Cassegard 2007). Tony Takitani has been used by Ichikawa as a form of historical evidence that combines technological, cultural artistic and economic situation of Japan after the Second World War. Like other forms of representational art, this film makes vivid events. In this way, the movie portrays the social attitudes of the characters in the film, including the unconscious assumptions of Japanese societies. In the fi lm, Ichikawa uses lighting to show the emotional response of characters. He uses lens flare to invoke a sense of drama in the movie (Brown 2007). This is evident just before Tony’s wife is involved in an accident that ends her life. It has also been applied to give an expression of a real life scene. For instance, Rie running over a crest of a hill looks more of a real life photograph. The director has used sound as background music, sounds of objects in the story and voices of characters, all which are heard both by the audience and the characters in the film (Weis 1985). Another important aspect of sound employed by Ichikawa is the narrator’s commentary and mood music to create the solitude mood and the melancholy atmosphere of the film (Mamer 2002). References Brown, B 2007, Motion Picture and Video Lighting, Second Edition. Waltham, MA: Focal Press. Cassegard, C 2007, Shock and naturalization in contemporary Japanese literature Folkestone: Global Oriental. Ichikawa , J (Director) 2004, Tony Takitani [Motion Picture]. Mamer, B 2002, Film Production Technique: Creating the Accomplished Image. Beverly, MA: Wadsworth Publishing. Murakami, H 2002, April 15, Tony Takitani: A Short story by Haruki Murakami. New Yorker Magazine , pp. 1-13. Rubin, J 2003, Haruki Murakami and the music of words. London: Harvill Press. Seats, M 2006, Murakami Haruki: the simulacrum in contemporary Japanese culture. Lanham, Md: Lexington Books. Weis, E 1985, Film Sound: Theory and Practice. Columbia : Columbia University Press. This essay on Tony Takitani was written and submitted by user Ayaan Bruce to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.